Experienced Java/J2EE interview questions by MNC

Experienced Java/J2ee Interview questions asked by MNC.



1. Why main() in java is declared as public static void main? What if the main method is declared as
private?

Ans : Because, every program start exucution from main function.The static method can directly call without createing the object of the class.So, before createing object the main function runs and then it creates object.

And, public in main method due to access by JVM. If the method is private then JVM cannot call that function.The program will compile but never run.It show the message  "Main method not public."


2.What is Externalizable?

Ans : This interface is used for serialization.To save the state of an object in file. It provides two method
readExternal() and writeExternal().

3.What modifiers are allowed for methods in an Interface?
Ans : abstract and public

4.What are the different identifier states of a Thread?

Ans :
R- Running or Runnable
S- Suspended
MS- Thread Suspended on Moniter lock
MW- Thread waiting on moniter
CW- Thread waiting on condition variable


5.What are some alternatives to inheritance?

Ans : Delegation is an alternative to inheritance. Delegation means that you include an instance of another class as an instance variable, and forward messages to the instance. It is often safer than inheritance because it forces you to think about each message you forward, because the instance is of a known class, rather than a new class, and because it doesn’t force you to accept all the methods of the super class: you can provide only the methods that really make sense. On the other hand, it makes you write more code, and it is harder to re-use (because it is not a subclass).

6.Why isn’t there operator overloading?

Ans : Because C++ has proven by example that operator overloading makes code almost impossible to maintain.

7.What does it mean that a method or field is “static”?

Ans : Static method or field are member of class.They do not need any object for call or access . We can directly call the static method and fields without using the object.

All the Best for Interview !!!   



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How to find days difference between two given dates ?

Find number of days between two given dates:-

public class FindDays {

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String str1="20/01/2013";
        String str2="28/03/2013";       
        Calendar cal=Calendar.getInstance();
        cal.set(Integer.parseInt(str1.substring(6)),Integer.parseInt(str1.substring(3,5))-1,Integer.parseInt(str1.substring(0,2)));
        long xTime=cal.getTimeInMillis();
        cal.set(Integer.parseInt(str2.substring(6)),Integer.parseInt(str2.substring(3,5))-1,Integer.parseInt(str2.substring(0,2)));
        long xTime2=cal.getTimeInMillis();
        System.out.println("Final Days...."+((xTime2-xTime)/(1000*60*60*24)));

    }

}


//Out put- Final Days.... 8

Initialization Block Vs Static Block in Java

Static does not need any object to execute. Before creating any object the static block can execute as we are using in static method. So, here the static block is call at the time of JVM execution , means before creating the object( when first time JVM execute ). But Initialization block is   call/loaded every time when object is created.Whenever the object is created at that time the Initialization block is loaded.

Example :- Sample Code

package manoj.experiment;
/**
  * @author MANOJ
 *
 */
public class InitBlockStaticBlock {

    /*
     * Static block
     */
    static{
        System.out.println("I am here in static");
    }
   
    /*
     * INIT block
     */
    {
        System.out.println("I am here in INIT ");
    }
   
    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        InitBlockStaticBlock obj1=new InitBlockStaticBlock();
        InitBlockStaticBlock obj2=new InitBlockStaticBlock();
        InitBlockStaticBlock obj4=new InitBlockStaticBlock();

    }

}

Out put :-

I am here in static
I am here in INIT
I am here in INIT
I am here in INIT

Oracle Script Generate for insert data into table

Use this following format/query for generate script for insert data into database (Table) .When you export data or migrate data from one database to other database it may help you.With out creating the dumps you can export data from one database to other database.But it is table wise.

You can simply generate script for insert  and then run the generated script on command line.

Example 1 :-

 SELECT 'INSERT INTO DUAL VALUES ('''||dummy||''');' FROM DUAL;

output :
INSERT INTO DUAL VALUES ('X');

Example 2 :-

SELECT 'INSERT INTO EMP_DETAILS VALUES (',''''||EMP_NAME||'''',',',''''||EMP_SEX||'''',',',''''||EMP_JOIN_DT||'''',');' FROM M_EMPLOYEE;


output:
INSERT INTO EMP_DETAILS VALUES (    'Rakesh'  ,  'M'  ,  '03-APR-05'    );
INSERT INTO EMP_DETAILS VALUES (    'Manoj Kumar' ,   'M' ,   '06-APR-05'    );
INSERT INTO EMP_DETAILS VALUES (    'Santosh Kumar'  ,  'M'  ,  '02-JAN-05'    );
INSERT INTO EMP_DETAILS VALUES (    'Rakesh Kumar'  ,  'M'  ,  '05-JAN-05'    );
INSERT INTO EMP_DETAILS VALUES (    'Sunil Dev'  ,  'M'  ,  '01-APR-05'    );
INSERT INTO EMP_DETAILS VALUES (    'Sheeba'  ,  'F'  ,  '01-JAN-05'    );


Use the generated output in command line and execute .

JDK not found - Netbean Intallation Error

I faced this problem when i was trying to install Netbean IDE 6  on my office PC. But my system has only JDK 5. Suddenly I got this error message for JDK required.

I have tried to search on many forum,blog and other resources of internet but failure. 

Create a favicon for your website

It is one of the short cut icon for an website or web page.The format for this icon is .ico. Normally 16x16 pixel icon is associated with a particular web site or web page.Other than .ico format it can support few other formats like .png,.gif. But it may not support all browser. So, .ico format is compatiable to every popular browser.Few other sizes can be used like 16×16, 32×32, 48×48, or 64×64 but , it depends on browser .

You can generate the favicon icon online also. Go for google search you can find some suggestion for creating favicon.

Example : -

http://www.favicon.cc/


Its simple. You just need a link tag on your page. Just put this tag under <HEAD></HEAD> tag of your Page. The tag like :-

<link rel="shortcut icon" href="path/location of your favicon" type="image/x-icon" /> 


Read more from wiki

Generate Excel file with single sheet in JasperReport

Yes, its quite easy to generate a excel report using Ireport . There are many blog guru's ,authors, developers has posted ample of solutions on this topic. But , still some time we are facing this problem.

Generating excel report is easy , but our requirement was all report should be come on a single sheet (not multiple sheet). We had few existing codes. But the problem was we were not about to find our exact solution. Finally after lots of testing & research got the solution.I hope it will help you.

The program code for generating Excel file from Ireport :-

JRResultSetDataSource jrds = new JRResultSetDataSource(rs);

JasperPrint print = JasperFillManager.fillReport(rptPath, hmp, jrds);

           sos=resp.getOutputStream();
            ByteArrayOutputStream baos=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            JRXlsExporter exporterXLS = new JRXlsExporter();
            exporterXLS.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.JASPER_PRINT, print);
            exporterXLS.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.OUTPUT_STREAM, baos);
            //exporterXLS.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_ONE_PAGE_PER_SHEET, Boolean.FALSE);
            exporterXLS.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_DETECT_CELL_TYPE , Boolean.TRUE);
            exporterXLS.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_WHITE_PAGE_BACKGROUND, Boolean.FALSE);
            exporterXLS.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_REMOVE_EMPTY_SPACE_BETWEEN_ROWS, Boolean.TRUE);
            //exporterXLS.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.CHARACTER_ENCODING, "UTF-8");
            exporterXLS.exportReport();
            resp.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
            resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="+OutputFileName+".xls");
            sos.write(baos.toByteArray());
            sos.flush();
            sos.close();

 Now , you just simple remove the below line which has setParameter().When you are setting parameter for your JRXLSReporter.

The Parameter is JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_ONE_PAGE_PER_SHEET, Boolean.FALSE

The line i removed is //exporterXLS.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_ONE_PAGE_PER_SHEET, Boolean.FALSE);


Hope it will helpfull.

Find day name from an Input Date in Java

There are many ways to find the day name from a given date. But here I have used simple one.Really its so easy but sometimes we hang on it .We never found the solutions.Today its happening with me, because I always prefer  less search on Google.

Below the code for finding the day name from an input date.

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;

class myDay{

public static void main(){

                String inputDate="01/08/2012";

                SimpleDateFormat format1=new SimpleDateFormat("dd/MM/yyyy");
                Date dt1=format1.parse(dt);
                DateFormat format2=new SimpleDateFormat("EEEE");
                String finalDay=format2.format(dt1);

                System.out.println("My Day is: "+finalDay);

}

}

Output:- Wednesday

Explanation :- 

First I prepare a date by using SimpleDateFormat . Then Prepare a DateFormat by using that before SimpleDateFormat(format1).

EEEE is the date Format Suffix for Day.More

More struts-config.xml file in your Project

Is it possible to have multiple struts-config.xml in a single project ?

Answer:- YES

Yes,  its a new flavor for developers. In today's it is one of the most FAQ from most of the prominent IT/Software companies.

Yes, it is not too hard to implement struts-config.xml file more than one in your project. But , it may hazardous in case of proper settings.


Basically as per my experience multiple number of struts-config.xml file is not required always but in few cases when the project flow has many modules/sections and the development team want to maintain a separation layer for all module including struts fetures at that time we may require it.Here is the easy steps you can follow :-

Steps to Follow :-

 First few changes in WEB-INF/web.xml

Now, create 2 ( any number of xml file you can do) xml file as mentioned inside the web.xml file.

struts-config.xml 

struts-extra-config.xml
  

 struts-config.xml 

 

struts-extra-config.xml ( This is 2nd struts config file)

Now create 2 action file (Action Servlet) as per our example :-

MainactionAction.java

ExtrastrutsfileAction.java


MainactionAction.java

ExtrastrutsfileAction.java 

Finally create 3 jsp file for mapping forword .

index.jsp

main_struts_config_jsp.jsp

extra_struts_config_jsp.jsp

index.jsp

This file is first file from which we will send request to action.

Now your project structure like below :- 

 

Now run your project & Enjoy your multiple struts-config.xml file in a single project . Any doubt ping me.

Find a sub string from as string splited by delimiter in MYSQL

String operation with MYSQL database is quite simple. But some times it found very ridiculous to find a expected result.That exactly happens with me. Actually I was expecting the result like below :-

But when I run my query it generates the out put like below:-

But i want only the name before the first comma(,) occurrence like :-

 Jon kumar Pattnaik from first row.

To find the expected result from database I have used SUBSTRING_INDEX(str,delim,index count) method.A string operation method .

Query :-

select SUBSTRING_INDEX(GROUP_CONCAT(s.vchSName,' ',vchMidName,' ',vchLastName),',',1) as nam,vchSGudian,vchSGRelation  from t_emp_details ;


Now its running fine with a good expected result.



SUBSTRING_INDEX(str,delim,index count)

Notes :- Parameters

str- is the main string from which we need to find the substring.
delim- is the separator of main string.
index count- is the number of separator you want to find.

Example:-
You,are,a,programmer.

select SUBSTRING_INDEX( 'You,are,a,programmer',',',1) from myTable;

Out put:- You

Here in the above query :-

You,are,a,programmer.--( Main String)
comma (,) -- (Separator or delim)
1 --(Index Count)

What is Thread Dump and how to create a Thread Dump

Thread Dump basically helps to track a activity of each thread.What are the job/task each thread is doing at a particular point of time we can get by thread dump.

To Create a thread dump in console Press Ctrl+Break from Key board.

Create a java program with infinite loop , at the time of running press Ctrl+Break key from key board and see the Full Thread dump is printed on console ( Now write that into a file).

Program :- xLoop.java

public class xLoop{     public static void main(String str[])

{     

       boolean x=true;             

       while(x)

{       

  System.out.println("Hello Manoj ");    

 }  } }

Now run this program on console and at the run time press Ctrl+Break , now the Full Thread Dump like below :-

Note- If any body find complex to find the Full Thread Dump message in the console , do some primary setup with your console window (command prompt). Change the CMD property-->Layout-->Height , set height to 2000 and CMD property-->options-->Buffer Size , set buffer size to 200.Now it will work and you can see this Dump messages.

HTTP GET Method

In the area of web application request & response are two major keys.The property of HTTP will remains universal over any programming language & platform, but here i mainly focus on Java/J2EE development.It means the response are related to each other.Normally the request is sent by client machine( browser ) and the response is revert back (sent back) to the client .Again for the response we need a clear idea about the content type ( MIME Type, Please read MIME TYPE in other post for more about content Type).

Key Points to remember about GET-

1. It has no Body, where as POST has Body.

2. It is Idempotent.

3. It is the default method in HttpServlet.In the Http servlet life cycle it is the default method.i.e. doGet().

4. It is not secure, because the data send by request line (URL) will visible on the rowser.

5. The amount of data for send with request using get method  is very limited.



Below a HTML form like :-

<form action="servlet/MyServletTest" name="frmMyServlet" method="get">
        <input type="text" name="txtValue" />
        <input type="submit" value="Send Value" onclick="FunSendValue()"/>
    </form>

Note-

If method name will not mentioned then bydefault it will take GET method as default.But be aware about your servlet , there must be a doGet() method for your operation/request you are sending. The doGet() must be there inside your resource servlet.If no doGet() method found then it will generate an error - HTTP method GET is not Supported.

The doGet() method inside the servlet like below :-

MyServletTest.java

public class MyServletTest extends HttpServlet {      
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        response.setContentType("text/html");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        String paramVal=request.getParameter("txtValue");
       
       
        out.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\">");
        out.println("<HTML>");
        out.println("  <HEAD><TITLE>A Servlet</TITLE></HEAD>");
        out.println("  <BODY>");
        out.print("    This is ");
        out.print(this.getClass());
        out.println(", using the GET method");
        out.println("<h3> Your Value from JSP="+paramVal+"</h3>");       
        out.println("  </BODY>");
        out.println("</HTML>");
        out.flush();
        out.close();
    }

   

}

Like doGet() , there is doPost(),doPut(),doTrace(),doDelete() method for HTTP Servlet.The doGet() and doPost() methods are call by server ( via service method) for handling HTTP GET and POST requests.By extending HttpServlet ,here i have overrides the doGet() method for handle the request with GET method.
One more things to know is all Links,URL are the type GET in nature.

By default all links are handled by GET Method.Example :-


 <a href="http://java.sun.com/j2ee?myval=I am Testing">Click here for

GET method Request</a> is a link with request type GET.

OR

 <a href="servlet/MyServletTest?txtValue=I am a Programmer">Click

here for GET method Request</a>

Note-

The term Idempotent ! It means GET can safely repeated.No need to change the request link but keep in mind that the HTTP GET and servlet doGet() methods are quite different.Let me clear that HTTP GET is
idempotent as per HTTP 1.1 Specification but servlet doGet() method is non-idempotent. It means you repeate the link again and again without changes inside servlet doGet() method, then it may generate error like "Bad Request".And one thing about idempotent is that , it does not mean that the same request has always same response/output and we donot mean that request has no side-effect.


Read more from sun/oracle

GROUP_CONCAT() Function in MYSQL

GROUP_CONCAT() is one the most essential function over many areas of software development.The basic purpose of this function is to concatinate all records/rows/tuples of a single column/field into a single string.MYSQL library provides huge amount of function with huge requirement of clients.

Suppose:-

select vchDay from m_days_list

A column has these following records

After use GROUP_CONCAT() the output like below-

Query :-
select GROUP_CONCAT(vchDay) from m_days_list

GROUP_CONCAT() not only working on single column , but it also working on multiple column/field.And the results are also similar as single column.It gives higher operating value than GROUP BY clause.

select GROUP_CONCAT(vchDay,vchMonth) from m_days_list

Output:-

FridayJanuary,MondayFebruary,SaturDayMarch     .................... Like this .

A Moment with Marker Interface in Java Development, What is Marker Interface

Under editing..........

What is Interface ? The face value of Interface.

As there are ample of technology in the area of Computer science, that has many contribution to mankind.When I was a student of computer science, I had many doubts about my future .On which platform or language I should work ? What will be my profession? Out of all I choose Java as soul of my profession.

Rally java has many features and scopes.But when I go for the interface ( like an important organ in the java body) , really I can not calculate the face value of interface.How much essential it is for java followers?The face value of interface is undefined.As we know that interface makes java popular.

The Term  "Interface"

And it is a reference type, similar to a class, that can contain only constants, method signatures, and nested types. There are no method bodies inside interface. Interfaces cannot be instantiated and interfaces can only be implemented by classes or extended by other interfaces.Its a protocol of communication between objects.

How to Define an Interface ?

It is quite simple to define an interface. The modifier 'interface' is used to define an interface.The naming convention shall be follows like declaring a class.A class can implement more than one interface separated by comma.And also an interface can extends more than one interface separated by comma.And it contains only signature of the method , no implementation.

public interface SymbolInterface extends int_face1, int_face2, int_face3,int_face4 {
//Declare your member here
}

OR


public class ImplementSymbolInterface implements SymbolInterface,OtherInterfaces {
//Declare your member here
}

It is recommended to make your interface public, so that it can be used by other packages, or it can only visible to that implemented class.And you quite sure that the body of the  interface is always having any number method (without method body) or closing with semicolon.Those method has no implementation inside that interface. For implementing that you may need implementation class.

Except, method an interface can contain constant declaration with few modifiers public,static and final. These method & constant declarations are completely optional, i.e. you can declare an interface without any method or any constants. And when an interface does not contain any method or constants that interface is called Marker Interface.

Note:- Yes, Marker interface is good question asked by major MNC .You can find more details about marker interface from the post A Moment with with Marker Interface in Java Development, What is Marker Interface.

How to Implement an Interface ?

Yes, this is the point that you need in your real life program. Before going to implement you have some brief idea about the term interface & its usage.

Use, implements keyword for implement the interface over a class . Follow few code below :-

Declare an interface :

public interface InterfaceSymbol {

    public void symbolAdd();
    public void symbolDiv();
    public void symbolMul();
    public void symbolSub();
   
}

Implement the above interface for a class :

public class SymbolImplementa implements InterfaceSymbol{

    public void symbolAdd(){
        System.out.println("I am In Add");
    }
    public void symbolSub(){
        System.out.println("I am In Sub");
        }
    public void symbolMul(){
        System.out.println("I am In Mul");
    }
    public void symbolDiv(){
        System.out.println("I am In Div");
    }
}

As per the rule you must have to override the methods of interface in the implementation class. But , remember it is not mandatory , you can avoid it by using :

1--- Adapter Class
2--- Make that implementation class as Final. ( Final is a keyword)

Here I am not describing how to avoid for overriding all methods of interface.This is beyond of this post.You follow other posts related to interface.

Also , like a class one interface can extend ( defined keyword) another interface.And the behavior of that interface will remains same.When you define a new interface, you are defining a new reference data type. You can use interface names anywhere you can use any other data type name. If you define a reference variable whose type is an interface, any object you assign to it must be an instance of a class that implements the interface.

This is main function where the implementation is done.

public  class MainImplementationClass  extends SymbolImplementa implements InterfaceSymbol{

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public void symbolAdd(){
        System.out.println("inside ");
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        testf fobj=new testf();
        SymbolImplementa impobj;
        //fobj.symbolAdd();
        impobj=fobj;
        impobj.symbolAdd();
        System.out.println("I am in Main.........");
       
    }

}



The word of Caution.

Then you need to rewrite an interface, be careful about the pitfall. In the above example  InterfaceSymbol interface is implemented by the class SymbolImplementa , but  If you make few changes in the old interface , all classes that implement the old InterfaceSymbol interface will break because they don't implement the interface anymore. Programmers relying on this interface will oppose deeply.So, enjoy the flavor of interface in java programming.



By Manoj.

MS-Office a short notes & step by step process for word with few tips

Welcome to this Mini Technical Reference tutorial. This tutorial gives you a very quick
way of learning in step-by-step manner as your concerned faculty discussed with
you. These contents only for those who are working in some where as a corporate
employee coming for the training at NIIT, ELS.


This is for officials & corporate people for office management, letter writing  & other activities on word processor.


Download the Tutorial/Book:- https://docs.google.com/open?id=0B29rcw3_bbOqRzVSWlliQkI3NHc


By Manoj.

JSTL a rich Web solution for JSP ! Kick your scriptlet over JSP.

By our traditional web development with J2EE is quite deprecated.Now-a-days there are ample of technology provided by different vendors like sun, oracle, micro soft , etc. Out of all JSTL(Java Standard Tag Library) a tech of sun has supreme power to optimize    and encapsulate the core functionality that common to many JSP applications. Instead of mixing tags from numerous vendors in your JSP applications, JSTL allows you to employ a single, standard set of tags.The sun has provides enormous benefits through JSTL.


  I am really disappointed; I am not using JSTL in my current project. Although I know it has many benefits over JSP scriptlet tags. I really want to kick out the scriptlet tags from my jsp. Scriptlets are difficult to maintain & execute by container also.It is a complete solution for web developers/front end developer , no need of prior knowledge of java/j2ee.It support full tag syntax, no need of jsp scriptlet tags.It has following major tag areas :-
      
         -- Core Tags
         -- Formatting Tags
         -- SQL Tags
         -- XML Tags
         -- Function Tags ( JSTL Functions)

There are many advantages of JSTL over JSP. 

         -- It is easy to use, ( avoid scriptlet tags)
         -- We can create our own custom tags
         -- These tags are standardize by sun.
         -- More functionality with easy iteration support tags
         -- XML supports
         -- It uses EL (Expression Language )  

You can get more about these from below given link from sun.

But, its quite simple to use JSTL with your jsp.I have posted here an easy example of JSTL below:-

Before go to the example, you need certain setups & resources like jstl.jar and  standard.jar.

1. You can Download the binary distribution from Apache Standard Taglib and unpack the compressed jar file.
2. Extract those files , and copy all extracted files ( .tld and other files) into WEB-INF\lib .

3. set some necessary tag-lib inside web.xml & enjoy the flavor of JSTL.

Simple Example-

web.xml file

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <jsp-config>
      <taglib>
          <taglib-uri>http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core</taglib-uri>
          <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/lib/c.tld</taglib-location>
      </taglib>
       </jsp-config>
</web-app>

jsp file


<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/lib/c.tld"  prefix="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">   
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
  </head>
 
  <body>
  <table>
    <c:forEach var="i"  begin="1" end="10" step="1">
    <tr>
        <c:forEach var="k" begin="1" end="5" step="1">
            <td><c:out value="${k}"></c:out></td>
        </c:forEach>
    </tr>
    </c:forEach>
    </table>
          </body>
</html>

 

Now start the tomcat and run from browser. The out put of the program will be like below :-

I have only used core tag in this example. But there are so many tags including other tag sections discuss above. Also you can develop you own .tld file and own custom tags. 


Read all about JSTL from sun.

By Manoj.

Arbic Data/Text in mySql Database Table

Some time we need this type of requirement as per the client given. I have faced this one. But need not to worry there are lots of way by which we can insert data/text into mysql table. Create a table with following steps:-

1. Create a table with Collation - utf8- utf8-bin
2. Then , set all columns datatype should be varchar and  Collation - utf8- utf8-bin
3. And now Apply changes. Ok

This above image setting for table.

This image for setting column . (utf-8-to-column.jpg)

This image , finally data inside the table. (data-in-table.jpg)


Or by using  query

column_name varchar(50) character set utf8 collate utf8_bin ----set for individual column
CHARSET=utf8 ---------Set on  table


Below one dummy query for better understanding-

ALTER TABLE `admin_kairali`.`t_report_language` CHANGE COLUMN `vchBeing` `vchBeing` VARCHAR(200) CHARACTER SET 'utf8' COLLATE 'utf8_bin' NULL DEFAULT NULL  , CHANGE COLUMN `vchScrtry` `vchScrtry` VARCHAR(200) CHARACTER SET 'utf8' COLLATE 'utf8_bin' NULL DEFAULT NULL  , CHANGE COLUMN `vchAccount` `vchAccount` VARCHAR(200) CHARACTER SET 'utf8' COLLATE 'utf8_bin' NULL DEFAULT NULL  , CHANGE COLUMN `vchReceiversign` `vchReceiversign` VARCHAR(4000) CHARACTER SET 'utf8' COLLATE 'utf8_bin' NULL DEFAULT NULL  ;


Now enjoy this read.

By Manoj.( مانوج بواسطة

John Yeary: When Do I Use CSS?

John Yeary: When Do I Use CSS?: Image via Wikipedia I have been looking at a number of articles on web technologies, and HTML . One of the things I noticed on a lot of the ...

SDLC:- Waterfall Model ( A Leaner Apporach for Designing )

As per our prior knowledge , Software development Life Cycle (SDLC) is the backbone of software development.Its part of systems engineering, information systems and software engineering, is a process of creating or altering information systems, and the models and methodologies that people use to develop these systems , means the every process involves with software development must follow SDLC for every organization.


On the other hand PCL,for project management defined both with a project life cycle (PLC) and an SDLC. According to Taylor (2004) "the project life cycle encompasses all the activities of the project, while the systems development life cycle focuses on realizing the product requirements"

As per my view SDLC is the best fundamental for software development.
There may be so many methodologies are there, but out of all there are finger count methodologies like Prototype Approach, Waterfall Approach,etc. The waterfall apporach is a linear approach. This approach or model has many advantages & Disadvantages, but it is quite popular & acceptable.The initial startup name of this model was Process Model and it has been accepted by many software engineering firms & authors. It ensure the software development process with different phases :-

1. Conception
2. Initiation
3. Analysis
4. Design
5. Coding
6. Testing
7. Implementation and Maintenance.
These all stages/phases are the vital part of this model. And these stages are the key concept of the entire software development.
Conception:-
The word conception , is self meaning word. An idea for create a project/application.
Initiation:-
To implement your ideas or to initialize your Ideas/Conception for start up.
Analysis:-
To analysis the data/requirements for the project/application.
Design:-
To build the concrete of the above points to make an application/project.
Codeing:-
Applying your construction code/logic for physical structure.
Testing:-
Test the application/project for make it accurate or bug free.( ie. unit test,inte. test)
Maintenance:-
To implement  the final product and keep maintenance for that product.Its a long term process .


There are so many development process we are following now-a-days. Because, we need fast & quick delivery, so that we a accepting so many techniques like AGILE,xp,SCRUM etc. Many authors argue on this waterfall model due to lack of fastness or other few disadvantages.
But still its the parent of all design & development models are used now-a-days. For more about Agile  read other posts.


By Manoj